Traumatic Small Bowel Injury-Early Diagnosis and Treatment with Outcome A Retrospective Study Of 100 Cases
This study represents one hundred cases of abdominal trauma with small bowel injury who were admitted in Casualty Surgery Department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital from January 2002 to July 2002. The mean age of these patients were 33.50 years, peak incidence was in between 21-30 years of age group. Male to female ratio was 13.3:1 (93 males and 7 females). Out of 100 patients, 48 cases were with penetrating injury (48%) and 52 cases were with blunt trauma (52%). Among the types of penetrating injuries, gunshot (70.83%) was the most common cause of injury and among the blunt trauma, road traffic accident (80.77%) was the most common cause of trauma in this series of study. Maximum number of patients reported to hospital between 1-6 hours of injury (53%). Diagnosis was done mainly on the basis of clinical presentation with the aids of very limited investigations. 66 patients received blood transfusion. Associated extra-abdominal injuries were present in 45% cases in which were most common with long bones fracture (20%) and thoracic injury (17%). 46% cases had additional intra-abdominal visceral injuries other than small gut involvement in which were most common with large gut injury (24%) and liver injury (12%). On laparotomy of the 48 penetrating injuries, duodenum was injured in (4.17%) cases, jejunum in (41.67%) cases, ileum in (33.34%) cases and in both jejunum and ileum (20.83%) cases. Among the 52 blunt traumas, duodenum was injured in (3.85%) cases, jejunum in (46.16%) cases, ileum in (42.30%) cases and in both jejunum and ileum (7.70%) cases. Majority of the patients (84%) were operated within 24 hours of sustaining injury. A number of procedures adopted for operative management were most common resection and end-to-end anastomosis in (76%) cases, followed by simple repair in (34%) cases. Out of the 100 cases, 42 cases had various postoperative complications. Wound infection, wound dehiscence, urinary tract and respiratory tract infection, complications, anastomotic leakage and septicaemia were complications. Postoperative complications rate was greatly increased in patients (85.71%) who were presented after 24 hours of injury. cardiac common Mortality rate found in this study was high (18%), which was much higher in patients who presented late after infliction of the injury. The most of the patients (79.02%) left the hospital within 15 days and only (9.88%) cases stayed in the hospital for more than 21 days.