Diet and nutrition are fundamental determinants of cardiovascular health, influencing the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and their progression. This article reviews the current evidence on the impact of various dietary patterns and nutrients on cardiovascular health. We explore the role of specific diets, such as the Mediterranean and DASH diets, and individual nutrients, including fats, carbohydrates, and proteins, in promoting cardiovascular health. The article also discusses the implications of these findings for clinical practice and public health policy.

The treatment of calcified coronary artery lesions remains a significant challenge in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Heavy calcification often results in poor stent expansion, incomplete lesion preparation, and increased procedural complications. Intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) is an innovative technology that uses sonic pressure waves to fracture calcified plaques, facilitating optimal stent deployment. This review explores the mechanism of IVL, clinical evidence, safety profile, and its potential role in modern PCI practice.

Bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BVS) represent a promising advancement in the treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD), providing temporary mechanical support to the vessel during healing and gradually dissolving thereafter. This technology aims to overcome some limitations of traditional drug-eluting stents (DES), including permanent foreign-body implantation and late-stent thrombosis. This article reviews the design principles, clinical outcomes, challenges, and future prospects of BVS in CAD treatment.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia associated with a significantly increased risk of stroke, often necessitating lifelong anticoagulation therapy. However, many patients face challenges with anticoagulation, such as bleeding risks or non-compliance. The left atrial appendage (LAA), a known site for thrombus formation in AF, can be targeted through percutaneous closure as an alternative strategy for stroke prevention. This review examines the efficacy and safety of LAA closure devices, particularly focusing on long-term stroke reduction, procedural success, and patient selection criteria.